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The fog of childbirth

Maura O'Malley
Maura O'Malley deputy editor
15.10, 24 February 2010

The way childbirth is depicted in TV programmes can be irritating – I sigh as I watch yet another actress doing the clichéd dash to the hospital, with crumpled partner in tow. The scene then invariably switches to her lying on her back, huffing and puffing in an unconvincing fashion surrounded by a SWAT team of doctors, with the odd midwife thrown in if we are lucky.

I guess it’s better than what I call the ‘ER type’ birthing scene, named after the hospital-based US TV programme. It usually follows the story arc of healthy, unsuspecting pregnant woman arriving in hospital to give birth, then, following some hideous, unforeseen complication quickly morphs into a nightmarish scenario, often resulting in either the mother or baby (sometimes both) tragically dying.

But I think I was just genuinely disturbed by the birth scene depicted in the much lauded US TV programme Mad men (10pm, BBC4). Based around the lives of advertising men working in Madison Avenue in New York in the 1960s, the latest episode featured Betty, the wife of one of the main characters Don Draper, giving birth to her third baby.

On arriving in hospital, she is abruptly separated from her husband, who is told ‘your job is done’. Looking forlorn, she is wheeled away by a fierce-looking nurse down a long, strip-lit corridor. Obviously distressed, her wishes are totally ignored. She is shaved, has an enema and the nurse quickly administers what she is told will induce a ‘twilight sleep’, an obstetric practice very much in vogue in the US at the time.

Following administration of the drugs, Betty slips into troubled hallucinogenic dreams of walking through a tree-lined street in a beautiful summer dress and of seeing her recently deceased father clutching a mop dripping with blood. Because of the drugs, she has been totally removed from reality and the process of childbirth  – a practice that is meant to set women free from the pain of childbirth actually imprisons them in a much more disturbing way.

How does it illuminate the debate around birth choices today?  For one thing, it highlights the dangers of wrestling control away from women. – Betty had no input, did not participate in what was meant to be one of the most important times of her life. She wakes up dazed, holding a baby that she clearly doesn’t remember bringing into the world. Because they were in a drug-induced haze women often just had foggy recollections of the birth.

Luckily, twilight sleep has been consigned to history, not only because of its horrific side-effects on women, but because it was found to have a depressive effect on the baby’s central nervous system. I don’t think it was ever widely practised in the UK and its use was discontinued after the 1940s, but it was common practice in the US really not that long ago.


I wonder what practices that are commonplace will shock us in 40 years time?

COMMENTS

1. At 17.53 on 5 March 2010, Dee(Wendy) Coe wrote:

When I moved to Texas in 1976, this was the norm. Doctors liked the control this gave them to see other patients in their offices and then just show up to pull the baby out with forceps. They reassured the women that they would have no pain-why would they want that? ‘Don't you worry your pretty little head, I will take care of you.’ As for the babies, they were all strongly stimulated at birth-asleep and blue and floppy and cold.


2. At 19.04 on 5 March 2010, Denise Hynd wrote:

I also found the opening scenario ‘The machine that goes ping’ of Monty Python's Meaning of life, was too real to be funny 20 years ago! Now many of wait in vain it seems for the demise many other obstetric practices like continuous monitoring of healthy women and babies to be consigned to the sad history basket!


3. At 02.19 on 6 March 2010, Rayner Garner wrote:

‘I wonder what practices that are commonplace will shock us in 40 years time.’ The practice of arousing the fear, fight or flight syndrome in a labouring mother, and then giving her an anaesthetic to mask the pain.

This is so unnecessary in the majority of births. Upper body exercise can dispel the adrenaline, which is causing the pain and tension in the labouring mother. Labour can then proceed normally without undue pain and distress, once this excess adrenaline has been discharged.


4. At 12.57 on 6 March 2010, Alison Blenkinsop wrote:

One practice that I hoped would have died out by now, but still seems to be very common (as witnessed in One Born Every Minute), is the exhortations to push given by midwives, doctors, partners and sometimes even emergency service telephone operators! The Valsalva technique of breath-holding and directed pushing is associated with poorer neonatal and maternal outcomes, and does not shorten the second stage. More details were given in a paper in BJM Vol. 17, Iss. 5, 07 May 2009, pp 279 - 285. Maybe in 40 years' time, this practice will be viewed with as much horror as we now view twilight sleep.


5. At 00.22 on 7 March 2010, Jean Sharaz wrote:

I remember being a student midwife in 1977 in the UK and husbands were discouraged from being in the delivery room, as ‘they would get in the way.’ All women had a shave, enema, usually an episiotomy and had to give birth lying on their back, how times have changed for the better. I now work in Cairns, Australia where the very thought of a woman giving birth at home is considered so dangerous by the obstetricians, that all women have to give birth in hospital. I think women in the UK should be thankful that they can give birth at home or in hospital and should be thankful that they don't have to give birth in a third world country!


6. At 08.26 on 7 March 2010, Sue Richards wrote:

As a midwife about to retire I would like to see a redefining of the terminology surrounding labour to make it more inclusive of the mother.

I am always frustrated and saddened by mothers who have clearly been in considerable pain for hours, even days, who are told they are not in labour! We as midwives know what we mean, but the poor women are ill prepared for the latent stage of labour and I believe that in time some enlightened person will take up the reigns and make the language more user-friendly. ‘Failure to progress,’ again we know what it means but it is so demoralising.


7. At 09.00 on 7 March 2010, Midwife, Devon wrote:

I suppose we should be grateful that the production team did their research in common practice at the time (USA 1960's.) If only all production teams were so accurate!

A primip, due in April, commented on the C4 programme, One born every minute this week, in that the quiet, peaceful water birth got a very brief clip, in favour of distressed and screaming women... what a shame!


8. At 10.54 on 8 March 2010, a private midwife wrote:

At least that programme was clearly ‘history’, at least so it seemed. Don't midwives still give diamorphine more or less freely?

I am also more disturbed at current TV programmes which depicture labour as not manageable and excruciatingly painful, so epidurals are a complete MUST have without ever mentioning its side-effects...

And although some women are ill-prepared for the event, others just have a complicated labour- in my experience, this is were individualised one-to-one care by a known midwife is vital.

Let's keep telling the government, but essentially it's up to us to make that difference!


9. At 17.28 on 9 March 2010, Full time midwife wrote:

I think we must remember the time frame that this programme was set in, everything is relative. So many practices have changed in the decades since and are continuing to do so. But I do think that at times we are so over zealous in trying to make childbirth natural that as midwives ourselves, we can remove the woman's choice and control of her birthing experience. Some feel that they are not good enough and have not reached the required standard if the use any form of analgesia other than fresh air, water and entonox. Let's remember to fully inform our women and adequately support them in their decision-making. What constitutes a good delivery for a mother can be contrary to our ideas. Long live the midwifery profession.


10. At 11.18 on 13 March 2010, Charlotte, Midwife wrote:

I have to say that the new One born every minute documentary is very edited and I worry that this is giving the viewer a false impression of how women are cared for in labour. Women are not freely given an epidural without a detailed discussion by the midwife and anesthetist on the advantages, disadvantages and risks of the drug. All women that are in established labour are given the one to one care that they need, also women who are not in established labour but are anxious and needing support, there is always a midwife assigned to her.  I think that better antenatal education is vital in preparing women for labour, we need to be honest with women without frightening them. A better prepared women and partner is more likely to have a more positive outcome.


11. At 15.21 on 6 August 2010, Helen wrote:

One to one care in labour? I wish that were true! Women not in labour are always sent home as we cannot asign midwives to them as well. Women are given a choice of analgesia and often find labour far more painful than expected so they opt for an epidural. I think they can be a godsend for some women and save them from a long painful labour where complications are anticipated. I certainly don't know many midwives who haven't had one in labour!


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